January 17, 1817 marked the beginning of one of the most outstanding feats in the military and political history of Latin America: the Crossing of the Andes, led by General José de San Martín.

This operation not only symbolized the unbreakable will to achieve freedom, but also proved crucial for the independence of Argentina, Chile and Peru. With a brilliant strategy and an exceptional spirit of sacrifice, San Martin and his Army of the Andes laid the foundations for the end of colonial rule in a large part of the continent, inscribing themselves in world history as an example of leadership and determination.

The crossing of the Andes was a titanic task. San Martin mobilized about 4,000 combat soldiers, 1,400 men destined to other tasks such as transportation, supply and sanitation; 10,000 mules and 1,600 horses, in addition to a detailed logistics that included food, weapons and ammunition.

The operation was organized in six columns, which advanced through different mountain passes to disperse the enemy. The main columns crossed through the Los Patos and Uspallata passes, led by key figures such as Bernardo O'Higgins, Juan Gregorio de Las Heras and San Martin himself.

On February 9 and 10, the army assembled in Curimón, in the Aconcagua valley, and began its advance into the central Chilean valley. San Martin's strategy managed to surprise the enemy and allowed the victory in the battle of Chacabuco, on February 12, opening the way for the liberation of Santiago de Chile.

The success of the Andes Crossing was not only due to tactical precision, but also to the morale of its soldiers, who, in spite of the adversities, maintained their determination to fight for a just and shared cause.

An imposing tapestry portraying General San Martín, a work made between 1911 and 1914 at the renowned Manufacture des Gobelins, is exhibited in the Escalera Francia of the Casa Rosada. This magnificent tribute to the heroic Crossing of the Andes was a gift from France on the occasion of the centenary of our independence.

The Andes Crossing continues to be a source of inspiration for generations. It is a reminder of the power of teamwork, strategic planning and the conviction that freedom and justice are achievable goals, even in the most adverse scenarios. To commemorate this heroic deed is also to celebrate the homeland and pay tribute to those who, with their bravery and sacrifice, forged a free and sovereign America.